Terra rossa (red Mediterranean soil) is a reddish clayey to silty-clay material, which covers limestone and dolomite in the form of a discontinuous layer ranging in thickness from a few centimetres to several metres (Durn, 2003).
The origin of the material of Terra rossa is a long-standing problem. According to several researchers, the parent material of this unique soil formation could have been originated from deposited aeolian dust, which in the Mediterranean region originates from the Sahara.
Terra rossa covers large areas also in the northern part of the Adriatic Sea, at the Istrian Peninsula, from where red soil samples have been taken in the course of the OTKA project, in October 2013:
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